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The Oswald T. Avery Collection

DNA as the "Stuff of Genes": The Discovery of the Transforming Principle, 1940-1944: Documents

[Oswald T. Avery]. [ca. 1944].
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Metadata Record [MacLeod, Colin M.], and [Oswald T. Avery]. "Exp. 1 (T[ransforming]. P[rinciple].) Effect of Fluoride on Autolysis of Pneumococcus Type III and on Preservation of the Transforming Principle" (image 1). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 22 October 1940. jpg (195,378 Bytes)
Metadata Record [MacLeod, Colin M.], and [Oswald T. Avery]. "Exp. 1 (T[ransforming]. P[rinciple].) Effect of Fluoride on Autolysis of Pneumococcus Type III and on Preservation of the Transforming Principle" (image 2). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 22 October 1940. jpg (138,885 Bytes)
Metadata Record [MacLeod, Colin M.]. "Titration of Activity of Extracts 1/40, 2/40, 3/40." Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 5 November 1940. jpg (137,336 Bytes)
Metadata Record [MacLeod, Colin M.], and [Oswald T. Avery]. "Effect of Ribonuclease on Deproteinized Extract 5-40" (image 1). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 28 January 1941. jpg (168,249 Bytes)
Metadata Record [MacLeod, Colin M.], and [Oswald T. Avery]. "Effect of Ribonuclease on Deproteinized Extract 5-40" (image 2). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 28 January 1941. jpg (169,105 Bytes)
Metadata Record [MacLeod, Colin M.], and [Oswald T. Avery]. "Effect of Ribonuclease on Deproteinized Extract 5-40" (image 3). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 28 January 1941. jpg (176,901 Bytes)
Metadata Record [MacLeod, Colin M.], and [Oswald T. Avery]. "Effect of Ribonuclease on Deproteinized Extract 5-40" (image 4). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 30 January 1941. jpg (146,120 Bytes)
Metadata Record Abernethy, Theodore J., and Oswald T. Avery. "The Occurrence during Acute Infections of a Protein Not Normally Present in the Blood: I. Distribution of the Reactive Protein in Patients' Sera and the Effect of Calcium on the Flocculation Reaction with C Polysaccharide of Pneumococcus." Journal of Experimental Medicine 73, 2 (February 1941): 173-182. Article. 10 Images. pdf (983,550 Bytes) ocr (27,823 Bytes)
Metadata Record MacLeod, Colin M., and Oswald T. Avery. "The Occurrence during Acute Infections of a Protein Not Normally Present in the Blood: II. Isolation and Properties of the Reactive Protein." Journal of Experimental Medicine 73, 2 (February 1941): 183-190. Article. 8 Images. pdf (768,331 Bytes) ocr (21,877 Bytes)
Metadata Record MacLeod, Colin M., and Oswald T. Avery. "The Occurrence during Acute Infections of a Protein Not Normally Present in the Blood: III. Immunological Properties of the C-Reactive Protein and Its Differentiation from Normal Blood Proteins." Journal of Experimental Medicine 73, 2 (February 1941): 191-200. Article. 10 Images. pdf (911,926 Bytes) ocr (25,327 Bytes)
Metadata Record [Avery, Oswald T.]. "Desoxycholate - Saline Extract of Heated Intact Type III Cells." Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 11 March 1941. jpg (188,188 Bytes)
Metadata Record [Avery, Oswald T.]. "Desoxy--Saline Extract of Heated Type III Cells." Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 18 March 1941. jpg (147,348 Bytes)
Metadata Record Excerpt from Report of the Director of the Hospital to the Corporation of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, April 19, 1941. Excerpt. Official Report. 28 Images. 19 April 1941. pdf (2,910,487 Bytes) ocr (59,259 Bytes)
Metadata Record Excerpt from Report of the Director of the Institute to the Corporation of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, October 31, 1941. Excerpt. Official Report. 8 Images. 31 October 1941. pdf (766,521 Bytes) ocr (16,249 Bytes)
Metadata Record [McCarty, Maclyn]. "Action of S III B Enzyme on Dried T[ransforming]. P[rinciple]. Extract" (image 1). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 28 November 1941. jpg (197,804 Bytes)
Metadata Record [McCarty, Maclyn]. "Action of S III B Enzyme on Dried T[ransforming]. P[rinciple]. Extract" (image 2). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 28 November 1941. jpg (171,376 Bytes)
Metadata Record [McCarty, Maclyn]. "Extract #24 Overnight Incubation [without] Added Glucose" (image 1). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 2 December 1941. jpg (181,335 Bytes)
Metadata Record [McCarty, Maclyn]. "Extract #24 Overnight Incubation [without] Added Glucose" (image 2). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 2 December 1941. jpg (173,835 Bytes)
Metadata Record Dobzhansky, Theodosius. [Excerpt from "Genetics and the Origin of Species"]. Genetics and the Origin of Species. Columbia University Press, 1941. Pp. 47-50 and title page. Excerpt. Monograph. 5 Images. pdf (279,721 Bytes) ocr (6,018 Bytes)
Metadata Record Excerpt from Report of the Director of the Hospital to the Corporation of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, April 18, 1942. Excerpt. Official Report. 26 Images. 18 April 1942. pdf (2,442,973 Bytes) ocr (45,164 Bytes)
Metadata Record "Repetition of Dog and Rabbit Sera Experiments" (image 1). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 1 October 1942. jpg (140,164 Bytes)
Metadata Record "Repetition of Dog and Rabbit Sera Experiments" (image 2). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 2 October 1942. jpg (183,574 Bytes)
Metadata Record Excerpt from Report of the Director of the Institute to the Corporation of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, October 30, 1942. Excerpt. Official Report. 3 Images. 30 October 1942. pdf (245,362 Bytes) ocr (5,660 Bytes)
Metadata Record Avery, Oswald T. Letter from Oswald T. Avery to Wendell M. Stanley. Letter (correspondence). 1 Image. 8 January 1943. pdf (50,373 Bytes) ocr (601 Bytes)
Metadata Record "Report of Drs. Avery and Horsfall: Study on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Specific Types of Pneumococcus (Avery and McCarty)." Excerpt. Official Report. 33 Images. 17 April 1943. pdf (3,207,783 Bytes) ocr (63,801 Bytes)
Metadata Record Hanson, Frank B., and Rockefeller Foundation. Natural Sciences Division. [Observations by Avery and Karl Landsteiner on Linus Pauling's work on artificial antibodies]. Notes. 1 Image. 30 April 1943. pdf (123,971 Bytes) ocr (1,616 Bytes)
Metadata Record Avery, Oswald T. Letter from Oswald T. Avery to Roy Avery. Letter (correspondence). 14 Images. [13, 26 May 1943]. pdf (599,847 Bytes) transcript of pdf
Metadata Record Avery, Oswald T. Letter from Oswald T. Avery to Roy Avery (partial transcription). Letter (correspondence). Transcript. 2 Images. [13, 26 May 1943]. pdf (321,798 Bytes) ocr (9,064 Bytes)
Metadata Record Coburn, Alvin F. Letter from Alvin F. Coburn to Oswald T. Avery. Letter (correspondence). 2 Images. 25 May 1943. pdf (114,106 Bytes) transcript of pdf
Metadata Record "Transforming Activity - T.P. #43 - 44" (image 1). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 7 June 1943. jpg (163,871 Bytes)
Metadata Record "Transforming Activity - T.P. #43 - 44" (image 2). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 8 June 1943. jpg (171,462 Bytes)
Metadata Record "Transforming Activity - T.P. #43 - 44" (image 3). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 8 June 1943. jpg (253,100 Bytes)
Metadata Record "Transforming Activity - T.P. #43 - 44" (image 4). Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 8 June 1943. jpg (222,039 Bytes)
Metadata Record "Respiratory Diseases and Immunochemistry: Dr. Avery, Dr. Horsfall and Associates." Excerpt. Official Report. 7 Images. 29 October 1943. pdf (551,435 Bytes) ocr (10,968 Bytes)
Metadata Record Avery, Oswald T., and Maclyn McCarty. "Transformation of Pneumococcal Types." Speech. 16 Images. [10 December 1943]. pdf (4,047,771 Bytes) ocr (9,301 Bytes)
Metadata Record Avery, Oswald T., Colin M. MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty. "Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types." Journal of Experimental Medicine 79, 2 (1 February 1944): 137-158. Article. 28 Images. pdf (2,818,359 Bytes) ocr (74,731 Bytes)
Metadata Record Avery, Oswald T., Colin M. MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty. "Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types: Induction of Transformation by a Desoxyribonucleic Acid Fraction Isolated from Pneumococcus Type III." Journal of Experimental Medicine 79, 2 (February 1944): 137-158. Article. 23 Images. pdf (2,129,702 Bytes) ocr (62,109 Bytes)
Metadata Record Excerpt from Report of the Director of the Hospital to the Corporation of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, April 15, 1944. Excerpt. Official Report. 5 Images. 15 April 1944. pdf (474,622 Bytes) ocr (8,897 Bytes)
Metadata Record MacLeod, Colin M., and Mary MacLeod. Letter from Colin M. MacLeod, Mary MacLeod to Oswald T. Avery. Letter (correspondence). Poem. 3 Images. [18-19 July 1944]. pdf (59,076 Bytes) transcript of pdf
Metadata Record New York Academy of Sciences. "Award of the Gold Medal of the New York Academy of Medicine." Science 100, 2598 (13 October 1944): 328-329. Article. 1 Image. pdf (60,769 Bytes) ocr (2,161 Bytes)
Metadata Record Excerpt from Report of the Director of the Institute to the Corporation of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, October 27, 1944. Excerpt. Official Report. 1 Image. 27 October 1944. pdf (73,267 Bytes) ocr (1,966 Bytes)
Metadata Record Lederberg, Joshua. [Excerpt from and transcript of a diary page]. Diary. Excerpt. Transcript. 2 Images. [20 January 1945, 1998]. pdf (160,745 Bytes) ocr (1,945 Bytes)
Metadata Record Excerpt from Report of the Director of the Hospital to the Corporation of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, April 21, 1945. Excerpt. Official Report. 6 Images. 21 April 1945. pdf (601,429 Bytes) ocr (11,722 Bytes)
Metadata Record "Time of Entrance of T[ransforming]. P[rinciple]. into Susceptible Cell - 2nd Attempt." Laboratory Notes. 1 Image. 24 August 1945. jpg (155,050 Bytes)
Metadata Record Excerpt from Report of the Director of the Institute to the Corporation of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, October 26, 1945. Excerpt. Official Report. 2 Images. 26 October 1945. pdf (191,569 Bytes) ocr (3,958 Bytes)
Metadata Record United States. Department of War. [Certificate of Appreciation awarded to Oswald Avery from the United States War Department]. Award. Certificate. 1 Image. 7 December 1945. pdf (73,765 Bytes) ocr (279 Bytes)
Metadata Record Mueller, J. Howard. "The Chemistry and Metabolism of Bacteria." Annual Review of Biochemistry 14, (1945): 733-748. Article. 9 Images. pdf (1,346,786 Bytes) ocr (42,251 Bytes)
Metadata Record Wright, Sewall. "Physiological Aspects of Genetics." Annual Review of Physiology 7, (1945): 75-106. Article. 17 Images. pdf (2,674,444 Bytes) ocr (80,184 Bytes)
Metadata Record McCarty, Maclyn, and Oswald T. Avery. "Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types: II. Effect of Desoxyribonuclease on the Biological Activity of the Transforming Substance." Journal of Experimental Medicine 83, 2 (January 1946): 89-96. Article. 8 Images. pdf (695,496 Bytes) ocr (19,545 Bytes)
Metadata Record McCarty, Maclyn, and Oswald T. Avery. "Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types: III. An Improved Method for the Isolation of the Transforming Substance and Its Application to Pneumococcus Types II, III, and VI." Journal of Experimental Medicine 83, 2 (January 1946): 97-104. Article. 8 Images. pdf (789,682 Bytes) ocr (23,887 Bytes)
Metadata Record Horsfall, Frank L., Rollin D. Hotchkiss, and Rene J. Dubos. "Summary of Dr. Avery's Work on Transformation . . . Includes Bibliography of Studies from Dr. Avery's Laboratory on Transformation." Bibliography. Report. 10 Images. 16 January 1952. pdf (613,399 Bytes) ocr (13,444 Bytes)
Metadata Record Hayes, William. "Genetic Transformation: A Retrospective Appreciation." Journal of General Microbiology 45, 3 (1966): 385-397. Article. 14 Images. pdf (1,650,748 Bytes) ocr (44,848 Bytes)
Metadata Record Burnet, F. M. "War-time Visit to America." Chapter 7 in Changing Patterns: An Atypical Autobiography. Heinemann, 1968. Pp. 73-87. Excerpt. Monograph. 8 Images. pdf (1,150,869 Bytes) ocr (30,971 Bytes)
Metadata Record Geissler, Erhard. "Vom Transformierenden Prinzip zur 'Hi-Fi-DNS'." Wissenschaft und Fortschritt 12, (1969): 564-568. Article. 5 Images. pdf (1,118,313 Bytes) ocr (25,375 Bytes)
Metadata Record Pollock, Martin R. "The Discovery of DNA: An Ironic Tale of Chance, Prejudice and Insight." Journal of General Microbiology 63, (1970): 1-20. Article. Speech. 20 Images. pdf (2,528,886 Bytes) ocr (75,680 Bytes)
Metadata Record Lederberg, Joshua. [Memo of telephone conversation with Kim Atwood about the early 1940's]. Memorandum. 6 Images. 12 October 1972. pdf (222,198 Bytes) ocr (2,593 Bytes)
Metadata Record Downie, A. W. "A Pneumococcal Transformation- A Backward View." Journal of General Microbiology 73, (November 1972): 1-11. Article. Speech. 11 Images. pdf (1,376,605 Bytes) ocr (39,864 Bytes)
Metadata Record Toulmin, Stephen. [Excerpt from "Human Understanding, Volume 1: General Introduction and Part I"]. Human Understanding: General Introduction and Part I. Princeton University Press, 1972. Pp. 233-234. Excerpt. Monograph. 2 Images. pdf (72,677 Bytes) ocr (264 Bytes)
Metadata Record Lederberg, Joshua. Memorandum from Joshua Lederberg [on coversation with Theodosius Dobzhansky about Avery]. Memorandum. Notes. 1 Image. 22 January 1974. pdf (71,189 Bytes)
Metadata Record Avery, Oswald T. "Appendix I: A Letter from Avery to His Brother Roy, Dated May 26, 1943." The Professor, The Institute, and DNA. Rockefeller University Press, 1976. Pp. 217-220. Excerpt. Letter (correspondence). Monograph. 4 Images. pdf (392,590 Bytes) ocr (12,401 Bytes)
Metadata Record Dubos, Rene J., Joshua Lederberg, and Maclyn McCarty. "Symposium Celebrating the Thirty-Fifth Anniversary of the Publication of 'Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types'." Speech. Transcript. 47 Images. 2 February 1979. pdf (3,125,653 Bytes) ocr (53,635 Bytes)
Metadata Record Avery, Oswald T., Colin M. MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty. "Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types: Induction of Transformation by a Desoxyribonucleic Acid Faction Isolated from Pneumococcus Type III." Journal of Experimental Medicine 149, (February 1979): 297-326. Article. 29 Images. pdf (2,472,174 Bytes) ocr (69,205 Bytes)
Metadata Record Judson, Horace Freeland. [Excerpt from] "The Eighth Day of Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Biology". The Eighth Day of Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Biology. Simon & Schuster, Inc., 1979. Pp. 30-41. Excerpt. Monograph. 13 Images. pdf (1,610,584 Bytes) ocr (40,682 Bytes)
Metadata Record Hayes, William. [Excerpt from "Max Delbruck and the Birth of Molecular Biology"]. Social Research 51, 3 ([Autumn 1984]): 657. Article. Excerpt. 2 Images. pdf (100,498 Bytes) ocr (1,727 Bytes)
Metadata Record Bearn, Gordon C. F. "Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty: Revolutionaries or Puzzle-Solvers?" Essay. 50 Images. December 1985. pdf (3,809,296 Bytes) ocr (86,828 Bytes)
Metadata Record Schlenk, Fritz. "Reflections on Biochemistry: Early Nucleic Acid Chemistry." Trends in Biochemical Sciences 13, 2 (February 1988): 67-69. Article. 3 Images. pdf (360,935 Bytes) ocr (16,449 Bytes)
Metadata Record Institute for Scientific Information. [Citations to publications by "Avery," "Avery OT," and "McCarty M"]. Science Citation Index, 1945-1954. Institute for Scientific Information, 1989. Excerpt. Index. 3 Images. pdf (547,979 Bytes) ocr (799 Bytes)
Metadata Record Lederberg, Joshua. "The Transformation of Genetics by DNA: An Anniversary Celebration of Avery, MacLeod and McCarty (1944)." Genetics 136, 2 (February 1994): 423-426. Article. 4 Images. pdf (643,590 Bytes) ocr (21,306 Bytes)
Metadata Record McCarty, Maclyn. "A Retrospective Look at the Discovery of the Genetic Role of DNA." FASEB Journal 8, 11 (August 1994): 889-890. Article. 2 Images. pdf (396,788 Bytes) ocr (14,494 Bytes)
Metadata Record Olby, Robert C. "The Identity of the Transforming Substance." Chapter 12 in The Path to the Double Helix: The Discovery of DNA. Dover Publications, 1994. Pp. 181-193. Excerpt. Monograph. 13 Images. pdf (1,279,747 Bytes) ocr (38,763 Bytes)
Metadata Record Olby, Robert C. "Support for Avery." Chapter 13 in The Path to the Double Helix: The Discovery of DNA. Dover Publications, 1994. Pp. 195-206. Excerpt. Monograph. 12 Images. pdf (1,170,411 Bytes) ocr (36,482 Bytes)
Metadata Record Watson, David A., and Daniel M. Musher. "Traditional and Molecular Analyses of the Genes Encoding Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Capsule Protection: Cloning Avery's Transforming Principle." Reviews in Medical Microbiology 5, 4 (1994): 217-223. Article. 7 Images. pdf (1,070,611 Bytes) ocr (32,678 Bytes)
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