Report of the Surgeon General's Workshop on PORNOGRAPHY and PUBLIC HEALTH June 22-24, 1986 Arlington, Virginia Prepared by: Edward P. Mulvey, PhD Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic University of Pittsburgh Jeffrey L. Haugaard, MA Department of Psychology University of Virginia For Release to the Public on Monday, August 4, 1986 ' by the Office of the Surgeon General U. S. Public Health Service U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Washington, D.C. Tables of Contents -- Letter of Transmittal i Final Printed Program List of Participants Overview ii vi 1 Basic Research Problems 5 Consensus Statements 13 Future Research Agenda 39 Prevention and Intervention 47 Summary 56 References 58 Background Papers (ln the order they were discussed in the program) 67 "Psychological Research and Public Policy: Taking a Long, Hard Look Before We Leap" Donn Byrne and Kathryn Kelley "Effects of Prolonged Consumption of Pornography" Dolf Zillman "Do Sexually Violent Media Indirectly Contribute to Antisocial Behavior?" Neil WI. Malamuth "Effects on Juveniles of Being Used for Prostitution and Pornography" Mimi Halper Silbert "Techniques Designed to Mitigate the Impact of Mass Media Sexual Violence on Adolescents and Adults" Edward Donnerstein DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 8a HUMAN SERVICES The Surgeon General of the Public Health Service Washington DC 20201 The Hon. Edwin Meese, III Attorney General U:S. Department of Justice Constitution Avenue and 10th Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20530 August 1,1986 Dear Mr. Attorney General: I am pleased to transmit to you the report of the "Surgeon General's Workshop on Pornography and Public Health," which was held in Arlington, Virginia, on June 22-24. The Workshop and this report are in respose to a request from the Chair, Mr. Henry E. Hudson, and the Members of the Attorney General's Commission on Pornography that the U.S. Public Health Service provide information to the Commission on the possible effects pornography may have upon public health. I hope the enclosed report is helpful to the work of your Department. May I add that we were extremely fortunate to have had participants at the Workshop, each of whom demonstrated throughout the intensive day and evening sessions an extraordinary degree of interest, knowledge, and collegiatity. They deserve great credit and the sincere thanks of their government. In addition, a great many persons from both our Departments contributed to the planning and the ultimate success of this Workshop; however, I would like to give special acknowledgment to the following: Jo AM Gasper, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Population Affairs, OASH Saleem Shah, PhD, Chief of the Antisocial and Violent Behaviore Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, ADAMHA; David Heppel, MD, Chief, Child/Adolescent Primary Care Services Branch, Division of Maternal and Child Health, HRSA; Theodore 0. Cron, Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary for Health and the Surgeon General, OASH; Stephanie J. Stein, Special Assistant to the Surgeon General, OASH; Jacqueline Friedewalde, proprietor of Conference Management Associates. If the U.S. Public Health can be of any further assistance to the work of the Department of Justice in this or other matters, please let me know. Sincerely yours, C. Everett Koop, MD, DSc Surgeon General Enclosure ii SURGEON .GENERAL'S WORKSHOP JUNE 22;23, 24, .1986 ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA Tire Surgeon General's Workshop on Pomographg and Public Health June 22-23-24. 1986 Stoufk Co~~cowsc Hotel Ad.ington. Virginia AGENDA Workshop Chairprron: AJbato Scmno. MD Director. Philadelphia Child Guidance Clinic Professor. Child Psychology, Univenity of Pcnns+%ia Sunday, June 22, 1986 3:oo PM REGISTRATION (Plaza level) 6:OO PM RECEpllON. Cub bar (Dewey I. Plaza level) 730 PM DIMIER (Dewey 1. Plaza Iwet) o ???*??? ?*? ??????? ?? ??? ???????*??? C. Evcrert Koop. MD surgeon General US Public Health Service * .`Psychologial Research and public Policy: Taking a Long. HuL Look Before we Lap" Aurhorr: Don Byrne. PhD Professor & Chairman. Depanmenr of Psychology State University of New York at Albany Kachryn Kellcy. PhD Associarc Professor. Dcpvrmenc of Psychology Strw Univenity of New York II Albany Drmrumr: Jon It. Come. PbD Assistam Professor School of Social Service Administtarion Universiry of Chicago Monday, June 23, 1986 7-30 AM BREAKFAST (Dewy I. Plaza level) . "Rc&" Henry Hudson Charmtan Attorney General's Commission on Pornography Mondav , June 23, 1986, tcont'd) 9+Q AM 10 30 AM IO:45 AM 12.15 PM 1:30 PM 3:oo PM 3:15 PM 4.45 PM 6.30 PM OPENING PLENARY SESSION i.Jamcs Room. Lobby Icvcl) o "Effects of Prolonged Consumption of Pornography" Anhr Dolf tillman. PhD. Professor Institute for Communications Research. Indram Umv DNCYIIPA~. Alben Bandun. PhD Davrd Starr Jordan Professor of Socral Scicncc u-r Psychology Stanford University COFFEE BREAK RECONVENE PLENARY SESSION (James Room. Lobby Level) o "Do ScnsaUy Violent Media Lodirectly Conuibure IO Antisocial Behavior?" An1bor. Neil M Malarnurh. PhD Chairman. Commurucarions Srudrcs Univcrrrry of Cahfornia at Los Angeles Dmur~m~. Carol Nadclson. MD Professor & Vice Chainnan. Dcpartmem of Psychiatry Tufts University School of Medicine New England Medical Ccnrer LUNCH (Dewey 1. Plaza kwl) RECOhwNE PLENARY SESSION (James Room. Lbby level) o "EfTccrs on Juvenile of Being Used for Prosrirution and Pomognphy" AUlk~: Mimi H. Silbcn. PhD President & Chief Executive Officer D&nccy Strm Foundation Drrcnssant Robcn W. D&her. MD Professor of Pediatrics Director. Division of Adoksccnr Medicrnc Univeniry of Washington School of Medicine COFFEE BREAK RECONVEY PLENARY SESSION (lames Room. Lobby Icvcl) . "Techniques Dcsigacd to Mitigate the Lsnpacr of Mass Media Sexual Violence oo ~ddacaws and AduJu" Andor: Edward Donnemein. PhD Professor: Center for Communications Research Depanmcnc of Communications Arts University of Wisconsin at Madison Dircnuaa~c Gnc G. Abel. MD Professor of Psychiatry Emory Univcrsiry School of Medicine ADJOURN AFTERNOON SESSIONS DINNER (Dewey 1. Plaza kvel) o "FBI Rma& and Violent Criminal Behavior" Robcn Resslcr. Supervisory Special Agent National Center for the Analysis of Violcnr Crime FBI Academy Mondav. lune 23. 1986. ~orr~.d,~ 8:oo PM RECONVENE PLENARY SESSION uama Room. Lobby Icvel) o "00 Showing Sea to Childrrn: Video ad Remacka" Bndly Greenberg. PhD Chairman. Department of Telecommunicatrlons Michigan Sure Univcraicy Tuesday, June 24, 1986 7:30 AM BREAKFAST (Dewy 1. Plaar level) 8:30 AM CONVEM IN TWO CONCURRENT CONSENSUS SESSIONS Participanta will be assigned to one of the following scsaiooa: o Cemcom S&on I (Room 104. Finr floor) "E&co d porwlnpby on childrco ad Youtag Addo" F- Joyce N. Thomas, RN. MPH D&rot. Division of Child Pmceccion Clddsen'r Hospinl Na&mal Medical Center o CanaawSeaakII(Roomz0(.%condfIoor) "Ncr Paibilitia for Prcven&o and Trmcomu" Fsrdhror GrolHamnan. RN. DNSc Profasor. Boston College S&cd of Nuning IO:00 AM COFFEE BREAK IO:15 AM RECONf'ENE CONSENSUS SESSIONS I AND II 11:OO AM CONVENE IN CONSENSUS SESSION III (lames Room. Lobby level) o The Raadt Agenda la the Future" Fditaror: Mumy A. Srnua. PhD Director. Family Rcacarch I&oratory Univcniry of New Hampshire 12:1> PM LUNCH (Dewey I. PIaaa kvel) I:15 PM RECONVENE IN PLENARY SESSION-WORKSHOP SUMMATION o placnndoatorbcsargeoO~Rcsulofmm~kpioarI. *? O o ????????*?????????? 2.30 PM WORKSHOP IS ADJOURNED AUpitmq ICSS,O~, d be recordrd. vi List of Participants -a Gene G. Abel, MD Professor of Psychiatry Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia Jeffrey J. Haugaard, MA Research Assistant in Clinical Psychology University of Virginia Charlottesville, Virginia Albert Bandura, PhD Professor of Social Science in Psychology Kathryn Kelley, PhD Stanford University Associate Professor of Psychology Stanford, California State University of New York Albany, New York Ann W. Burgess, RN, DNSc Professor of Nursing, School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania C. Everett Koop, MD, DSc Surgeon General, U.S. Public Health Service Washington, D.C. Donn Byrne, PhD Professor and Chair, Department of Psychology State University of New York Albany, New York Neil M. Malamuth, PhD Chair, Communications Studies University of California Los Angeles, California Jon Conte, PhD Edward P. Mulvey, PhD Assistant Professor of Child Psychiatry, Assistant Professor, School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Jessica Henderson Daniel, PhD Supervising Staff Psychologist, Judge Baker Guidance Center, Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Carol Nadelson, MD Professor and Vice Chair, Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts William Daniel, Jr., MD Emeritus Professor of Pediatrics Emeritus Professor of Pediatrics and Chief of Adolescent of Adolescent Medicine University of Alabama scnooi 01 University of Alabama School of Medicine Montgo Montgomery, Alabama Albert Serrano, MD Professor of Child Psychiatry and Director, Philadelphia Child Guidance Center University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Robert W. Deisher, MD Professor of Pediatrics and Director of Adolescent Medicine University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle, Washington Edward Donnerstein, PhD Professor, Center for Communications Research, University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin Bradley Greenberg, PhD Chair, Department of Telecommunications Michigan State University East Lansing, Michigan Mimi Halper Silbert, PhD President and Chief Executive Officer Delancey Street Foundation San Francisco, California Murray A. Straus, PhD Director, Family Research Laboratory University of New Hampshire Durham, New Hampshire Joyce N. Thomas, RN, MPH Director, Division of Child Protection Children's Hospital NatL Medical Center Washington, D.C. Carol Hartman, RN, DNSc Professor, Boston College School of Nursing Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts Dolf Zillman, PhD Professor, Institute for Communications Research, Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana